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1.
An. psicol ; 39(3): 354-363, Oct-Dic, 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-224937

RESUMO

La comprensión del sexting como una nueva forma de comuni-cación interpersonal es cada vez mayor; sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre si la incidencia, correlatos y resultados del sexting varían en función de si se realiza de forma voluntaria o no. En este estudio no experimental, nos proponemos investigar la prevalencia, los predictores y las consecuencias del sexting entre 310 jóvenes españoles, que completaron una encuesta on-line sobre sus experiencias previas de sexting deseado y no deseado, coer-ción sexual y victimización sexual online, así como sus niveles de satisfac-ción sexual y vital. Los resultados mostraron que la mitad y un tercio de la muestra habían estado involucrados en comportamientos de sexting desea-dos y no deseados, respectivamente. Además, lacoerción sexual y la victi-mización sexual online predijeron una mayor probabilidad de participar en conductas sexuales no deseadas y, con ello, una disminución de la satisfac-ción vital. Por último, haber experimentado mayor coerción sexual se aso-ció con menor satisfacción vital al aumentar la probabilidad de sufrir victi-mización sexual online y de participar en conductas adicionales de sexting no deseado. Nuestros hallazgos muestran la importancia de discernir entre el sexting deseado y el no deseado y cómo el hacerlo de forma diferente condiciona los predictores y las consecuencias de este fenómeno.(AU)


The understanding of sexting as a new form of interpersonal communication is increasing; however, little is known about whether the incidence, correlates, and outcomes of sexting vary depending on whether such behavior is done willingly or not. In this non-experimental study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of sex-ting among 310 Spanish young adults, who completed an online survey re-garding their previous experiences of wanted and unwanted sexting behav-iors, their sexual coercion and online sexual victimization experiences, and their levels of sexual and life satisfaction. The results showed that more than half and one third of the sample had been involved in wanted and unwanted sexting behaviors, respectively. Additionally, sexual coercion and online sexual victimization predicted a higher probability of engaging in unwanted sexual behaviors and, with that, a decrease of life satisfaction. Finally, having experienced more instances of sexual coercion was associ-ated with lower life satisfaction by increasing the likelihood of suffering online sexual victimization experiences and engaging in additional unwant-ed sexting behaviors. Our findings show the importance of discerning be-tween wanted and unwanted sexting and how doing so differently condi-tions the predictors and consequences of this phenomena.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Coerção , Sexo , Comportamento Sexual , Satisfação Pessoal , Gravação em Vídeo
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536542

RESUMO

(analítico) Los universitarios atraviesan una etapa evolutiva que los sitúa como una población propensa a presentar alteraciones de salud mental, afectando su calidad de vida general. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre salud mental, autoestima y satisfacción vital en estudiantes de una universidad del sur de Chile. Los 452 participantes, hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 24 años de distintas carreras de la universidad, respondieron cuatro instrumentos: cuestionario sociodemográfico, escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, escala de satisfacción con la vida y escala de autoestima. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes que puntuaron más alto en problemas de salud mental presentaban menor satisfacción con la vida y menor autoestima. Así mismo, se encontró que las mujeres presentan mayor prevalencia en problemas de salud mental que los hombres.


(analytical) University students experience an evolutionary stage that positions them as a population prone to mental health disorders, which affects their general quality of life. This paper analyzes the relationship between mental health, self-esteem and life satisfaction among students at a university in sout-hern Chile. The 452 participants, males and females aged between 18 and 24 studying different university degrees, answered 4 different questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; Life Satisfaction Scale; and Self-esteem Scale. The results showed that students who scored higher regarding mental health problems had lower life satisfaction and lower self-esteem scores. It was also identified that female students have a higher prevalence of mental health problems compared to male students.


(analítico) Os estudantes universitários passam por um estágio evolutivo que os coloca como uma população propensa a transtornos de saúde mental, afetando sua qualidade de vida geral. Este artigo analisa a relação entre saúde mental, autoestima e satisfação com a vida em estudantes de uma universidade no sul do Chile. 452 participantes, homens e mulheres entre 18 e 24 anos de diferentes carreiras universitárias, respondeu a 4 instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico, Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e Escala de Autoestima. Os resultados mostraram que os alunos que pontuaram mais em problemas de saúde mental apresentaram menor satisfação com a vida e menor autoestima. Assim, verificou-se também que as mulheres apresentam maior prevalência de problemas de saúde mental do que os homens.

3.
Interdisciplinaria ; 40(2): 245-263, ago. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448493

RESUMO

Resumen El concepto de bienestar subjetivo se refiere a la forma global, positiva o negativa, en la que las personas evalúan sus vidas y experiencias. La búsqueda de factores que expliquen el bienestar subjetivo, actualmente uno de los temas de mayor interés en la psicología, condujo al concepto de satisfacciones de dominios, que se entienden como los juicios que las personas hacen al evaluar los mayores dominios de vida. Este estudio correlacional tuvo por objetivo establecer la relación de la satisfacción en los dominios económico, de pareja, familia, amigos, salud, vida universitaria y rendimiento académico, con los componentes cognitivo y emocional del bienestar subjetivo (satisfacción vital y felicidad, respectivamente), identificando cuáles de esos dominios lo predicen. La muestra, no probabilística, estuvo conformada por 344 estudiantes de una universidad pública colombiana (50.9 % mujeres y 49.1 % hombres) con edades entre 18 y 29 años (. = 20.89; DT = 2.52). Los resultados mostraron una fuerte relación de todos los dominios con el bienestar subjetivo. La satisfacción en los dominios económico, de pareja, familia, amigos y vida universitaria explicó la varianza de la satisfacción vital y la felicidad en forma diferenciada. Se concluye que: (a) el bienestar se afecta con la satisfacción de necesidades asociadas a los dominios cercanos e importantes para el individuo; (b) las satisfacciones de dominios impactan más el componente cognitivo del bienestar que el emocional; (c) el dominio económico satisface más necesidades cognitivas, la amistad suple necesidades emocionales, y la pareja, la familia y la vida universitaria satisfacen ambas.


Abstract The concept of subjective well-being refers to the overall positive or negative way in which people evaluate their lives and experiences. It is generally accepted that subjective well-being is made up of a cognitive component usually called satisfaction with life or life satisfaction and an emotional component usually referred to as happiness. The search for factors that explain subjective well-being is currently one of the most interesting topics in psychology and led to the concept of domain satisfactions, which are understood as the judgments that people make when evaluating the major domains of life. It refers to the perceived degree of satisfaction that we obtain from the way in which each of these main domains or areas of our lives are developed. This correlational study with predictive intent aimed at establishing the relationship of satisfaction in the economic, couple, family, friends, health, university life, and academic performance domains, with the cognitive and emotional components of subjective well-being (life satisfaction and happiness, respectively), identifying which of these domains predict well-being. The non-probabilistic sample, for convenience, was made up of 344 women and men (50.9 % and 49.1 % respectively) between 18 and 29 years of age (M = 20.89); SD = 2.52), students from an important Colombian public university based in the city of Palmira. The instruments, which include the Diener's life satisfaction and Lyubomirsky and Lepper's happiness scales, and simple items for each domain satisfaction studied (economic, couple, family, friends, health, university life, and academic performance) were answered in a format printed by 64 % of the participants and in virtual format by 36 %, according to their own choice. The results showed that all domain satisfactions were significantly related to both the cognitive and the emotional components of subjective well-being. The results also showed that except for satisfaction with health and academic performance, all other domain satisfactions predicted at least one of the components of subjective well-being. In general, domain satisfactions explained the variance of satisfaction and happiness much better than sociodemographic variables. Thus, it was confirmed that the psychological significance of events that occur in the main areas of people´s lives have much more relevance to well-being than situational factors such as sociodemographic ones. In a different sense, and order of impact, satisfaction with the economic domain, satisfaction with university life, and satisfaction with the couple emerged as the domains that had the greatest influence on life satisfaction, and satisfaction with friends and satisfaction with university life emerged as the strongest predictors of happiness. The results suggest that well-being is especially affected by the satisfaction of needs associated with the closest domains and more important to the individual. These would include the economic domain and relationships that involve affections, but also other domains that, for specific reasons, occupy a relevant place in the individual's internal hierarchy of importance, which may vary among cultures and even among people of the same culture. The above conclusion could explain, among other findings, the significant impact of satisfaction with university life on subjective well-being. The results also suggest that, in general, domain satisfactions have a greater impact on the cognitive component of well-being than on the emotional component, and that, in particular, domains such as economics fundamentally satisfy cognitive needs, friendship fundamentally satisfy emotional needs, and other domains such as couple, family and university life, satisfy both cognitive and emotional needs. This would demonstrate the importance of applying differentiated instruments to study the cognitive and emotional components of well-being.

4.
Suma psicol ; 30(1)jun. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536896

RESUMO

Introduction: Food habits have been associated with positive outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family members may share protective factors, but each member may also respond differently to the pandemic. Aim: To examine food habits in different-sex dual-earner parents with adolescents, comparing reports from late 2019 before the pandemic (T1) and mid- 2020 during the pandemic (T2) in Temuco, Chile. Method: A sample of 193 families composed of mother, father, and one adolescent aged 10 to 15 responded to a questionnaire at T1 and T2. Non-parametric tests were used to compare family food-related habits and the satisfaction with food-related life of each family member at T1 and T2. An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was conducted to explore relations between T1 and T2 variables and between family members. Results: Frequency of family meals increased during the pandemic, and mothers increased their cooking hours. All family members improved their diet quality during the pandemic. Perceived family meal atmosphere and satisfaction with food-related life did not change. T1 food habits were not associated with T2 satisfaction with food-related life. Conclusion: These families changed their food-related habits during the pandemic, but their food-related life assessment was similar before and during the pandemic.


Introducción: Las prácticas alimentarias se han asociado con mayor bienestar durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Aunque en una familia se comparten condiciones de vida, cada miembro puede responder de modo diferente a la pandemia. Objetivo: Examinar las prácticas alimentarias en parejas con doble ingreso e hijos adolescentes, comparando reportes antes de la pandemia (finales de 2019, T1) y durante la pandemia (mediados de 2020, T2) en Temuco, Chile. Método: 193 familias compuestas por madre, padre y un hijo adolescente de 10 a 15 años respondieron un cuestionario en T1 y T2. Se utilizaron pruebas no-paramétricas para comparar hábitos alimentarios y satisfacción con la alimentación para cada miembro de la familia en T1 y T2. Se exploraron las relaciones entre variables en T1 y T2, y entre miembros de la familia usando el modelo de interdependencia de actor-compañero. Resultados: La frecuencia de las comidas familiares y las horas que la madre dedicó diariamente a cocinar aumentaron durante la pandemia. Los tres miembros de la familia mejoraron la calidad de su dieta durante la pandemia. La atmósfera percibida de comidas familiares y la satisfacción con la alimentación no cambiaron. Los hábitos alimentarios del T1 no incidieron en la satisfacción con la alimentación en T2. Conclusión: Los hábitos alimenticios de estas familias cambiaron durante la pandemia, pero la evaluación de su vida alimentaria fue similar antes y durante la pandemia.

5.
Interdisciplinaria ; 40(1): 209-225, abr. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430596

RESUMO

Resumen En tiempos recientes, la literatura en psicología sobre orientación sexual ha pasado de centrarse en aspectos negativos experimentados por personas no heterosexuales a examinar factores que potencien el bienestar de estas. Estos estudios se han enfocado mayoritariamente en lesbianas y hombres gay (orientación hacia un único género o monosexual), mientras la inclusión de otras orientaciones, como bisexual y pansexual (orientaciones hacia más de un género o plurisexual) es un interés emergente. En Latinoamérica, un tema poco explorado en este sentido es la satisfacción vital y las variables asociadas, como el apoyo social y el revelar la orientación sexual, y cómo estas pueden variar entre personas de distintas orientaciones no heterosexuales. Por ello, el objetivo general de este estudio fue comparar el grado de revelación de la orientación sexual, el apoyo social percibido, la conexión con la comunidad LGBTIQ+ (sigla que incluye a lesbianas, gay, bisexual, transgénero, transexual, travesti, intersexual y queer) y la satisfacción vital entre estudiantes universitarios lesbianas y gays (LG), y bisexuales y pansexuales (BP). La muestra fue tomada entre 82 estudiantes universitarios LGBP, quienes respondieron un cuestionario en línea que incluía datos sociodemográficos y escalas destinadas a evaluar las variables en estudio. Los resultados mostraron que estudiantes universitarios LG revelan más su orientación sexual que estudiantes BP. Igualmente, se destaca la asociación positiva entre el apoyo social percibido y satisfacción vital, y entre la conexión con la comunidad LGBTIQ+ y la revelación de la orientación sexual. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento sobre variables asociadas a la satisfacción vital según la orientación sexual, diferenciando entre estudiantes universitarios lesbianas y gays y estudiantes bisexuales y pansexuales.


Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing shift in research on sexual orientation. This focus has moved from centering on negative experiences, related to psychopathology and stigmatization, to examining subjective well-being factors in individuals belonging to these populations. In Latin American countries such as Chile, a scarcely explored link in this regard is satisfaction with life -the cognitive component of subjective well-being- and associated variables. The minority stress model indicates that individuals who belong to minority groups are exposed to additional stressors to which the general population is not exposed. These specific stressors are related to the marginalization, prejudice and exclusion suffered by the minority group of belonging. Researchers have shown that these stressors and their consequences may result in lower life satisfaction in non-heterosexual people compared to their heterosexual peers. Furthermore, different non-heterosexual orientations face specific forms of prejudice and, therefore, could experience a different impact on their life satisfaction. In this paper, the distinction is made between individuals with a monosexual orientation (towards one gender) and those with a plurisexual orientation, (towards more than one gender or independently of gender); namely, lesbians and gay men (LG) on the one hand, and bisexuals and pansexuals (BP) on the other. Research indicates that BP people experience lower levels of well-being than LG individuals. Compared to the latter, BP individuals tend to disclose their sexual orientation to a lesser extent, perceive less social support, and experience greater exclusion from community spaces destined to the general community of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and other queer identities (LGBTIQ+). Moreover, these differences between non-heterosexual orientations in terms of life satisfaction have been little explored in Latin American university students. To fill this gap in the literature, the general objective of this study was to compare the levels of disclosure of sexual orientation, perceived social support, connectedness with the LGBTIQ+ community, and life satisfaction among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and pansexual university students. Four hypotheses were proposed that addressed the comparisons between LG and BP participants for these variables. A non-probability sample of 82 LGBP university students was recruited to answer an online questionnaire. Of the sample, 32.9 % were lesbian or gay, and 67.1 % were bisexual or pansexual. Most participants were women (67.1 %), compared to 29.3 % men and 3.7 % of another gender. The questionnaire consisted of a section of sociodemographic data, a sexual orientation disclosure scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the LGBTIQ + Community Connectedness Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Analyses included comparisons of means between groups. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted for the Connectedness Scale to test its validity. Results showed that LG and BP students reported similar levels of perceived social support, community connectedness, and life satisfaction, while LG students tended to disclose their sexual orientation to more people than BP students. A positive association was also found between perceived social support and life satisfaction, and between connectedness and disclosure of sexual orientation. The CFA showed that the Connectedness Scale is valid for its use in university samples in Chile and other Latin American populations. Limitations regarding sample size and recommendations for future research are discussed. This study contributes to the knowledge about variables associated with life satisfaction in non-heterosexual university students, highlighting the differential needs for support of those with a monosexual orientation (lesbians and gays) and those with a plurisexual orientation (bisexual and pansexual).

6.
An. psicol ; 39(1): 20-27, Ene-Abr. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213835

RESUMO

Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorio con dos grupos de tratamiento: uno que recibió terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) y otro con la inclusión de técnicas emocionales (TCCE), ambos de 20 sesiones. La muestra consistió en 237 pacientes, todos ellos con diagnóstico principal de trastornos de ansiedad, y todos remitidos por sus médicos de cabecera. Hubo mejoras significativas en la sintomatología (rasgo de ansiedad, depresión, sintomatología clínica), pero la única diferencia significativa encontrada en la comparación intergrupal fue para la variable "satisfacción vital subjetiva" (p= .017), que fuemayor en el grupo de TCCE. Este grupo también mostró una mayor adherencia al programa de tratamiento (p= .019). Esto refuerza la conveniencia de incluir el tratamiento de terapia de grupo con componentes emocionales en los entornos de atención primaria, destacando la importancia de hacer hincapié en la autoestima.(AU)


A randomized clinical trial was carried out with two treatment groups: one receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and the other with the inclusion of emotional techniques (CEBT), both lasting 20 sessions. The sample consisted of 237 patients, all of them with principal diagnoses of anxiety disorders, and all referred by their general practitioners. There were significant improvements in symptomatology (anxiety trait, depression, clinical symptomatology), but the only significant difference found in the intergroup comparison was for the variable “subjective life satisfaction” (p = .017), which was greater in the CEBT group. This group also displayed better adherence to the treatment program (p = .019). This reinforces the case for including group therapy treatment with emotional components in primary care settings, highlighting the importance of emphasizing self-esteem.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ansiedade , Psicoterapia de Grupo , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Emoções , Satisfação Pessoal , Saúde Pública , Autoimagem , Psicologia , Psicologia Clínica , Psicologia Social
7.
Siglo cero (Madr.) ; 53(3): 145-166, septiembre 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210811

RESUMO

Durante mucho tiempo las personas con discapacidad intelectual, por su condición, han sido relegadas a un segundo plano en lo referente a su papel como interlocutores válidos en la gestión de sus propias vidas, siendo prácticamente inexistente su participación en las diferentes estructuras sociales. En este estudio, participaron 79 personas con discapacidad intelectual, con una edad media de 36,82 años (±13,50) y grado de discapacidad promedio del 61,70 %. Se utilizaron los instrumentos: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R), Trait Meta Mood Scale 24 (TMMS 24) y Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQi-C). El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y el optimismo vs pesimismo, actuando como variable mediadora la Satisfacción Vital a través de la estadística multivariante de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados evidenciaron la relación positiva entre varias de las dimensiones de los instrumentos utilizados (p < ,01). Por otra parte, el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales obtuvo buena validez estructural (?²/gl = 2,855; RMSEA = ,074; GFI = ,901; CFI = ,912; IFI = ,919). Las consecuencias prácticas permitirán entender el valor instrumental o mediador de la Satisfacción Vital en los procesos de desarrollo personal y social. (AU)


For a long time, people with intellectual disabilities, due to their condi-tion, have been relegated to the background regarding their role as valid interlocutors in the management of their own lives, being their participation practically non-existent in the different social structures. In this study, 79 people with intellectual disability par-ticipated, with an average degree age of 36.82 years (±13.50) and average degree of dis-ability of 61.70%. The instruments were used: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R), Trait Meta Mood Scale 24 (TMMS 24) and Emo-tional Quotient Inventory (EQi-C). The objective was to determine the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Optimism vs Pessimism, acting Life Satisfaction as a mediating variable, using the multivariate statistical of structural equations. On one hand, the results evidenced the positive relationship between several of the dimensions of the instruments used (p < ,01). On the other hand, the structural equation model obtained good structural validity (χ²/gl = 2.855; RMSEA = ,074; GFI = ,901; CFI= ,912; IFI = ,919). The practical consequences will allow us to understand the instrumental or mediating value of Life Satisfaction in the processes of personal and social development. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual , Inteligência Emocional , Otimismo , Pessimismo , Pessoas com Deficiência
8.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 34(2): 299-307, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-204118

RESUMO

Background: The number of informal caregivers within ageing populationis increasing and there is a growing research interest to promote their well-being, and therefore there is a need for adequate measurement tools. Weaim to provide validity evidence of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)in a representative sample of British older adults, including measurementinvariance across caregivers and non-caregivers. Method: Data wasdrawn from English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). The sampleconsisted of 3,754 caregivers and 4,036 non-caregivers. The structureand measurement invariance were tested through a confirmatory factoranalysis. Reliability and validity evidence based on relationships withother variables were also analysed. Results: Our results supported the one-factor structure of the SWLS, CFI = .996; NNFI = .993; RMSEA = 0.081,and measurement invariance across caregiving status. McDonald’s omegawas .93. Scores on the SWLS were positively correlated with quality oflife, positive social support, and self-reported health, and negatively withloneliness, depression, negative social support, difficulties in activities andinstrumental activities of daily living, and number of health conditions.Conclusions: These findings provide new psychometric evidence tosupport the use of the SWLS in research which focuses on caregivers andon the comparison with non-caregiver samples.


Antecedentes: el número de cuidadores informalesmayores está aumentando y existe un creciente interés en la investigaciónsobre su bienestar, para lo cual es necesario disponer de instrumentosadecuados de medida. Se pretende proporcionar evidencias de validez dela Escala de Satisfacción Vital (SWLS) en una muestra representativa demayores de la población británica, incluyendo invarianza factorial entrecuidadores y no cuidadores. Método: los datos se extrajeron del EnglishLongitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Participaron 3.754 cuidadores y4.036 no cuidadores. La estructura y la invarianza factorial se evaluaronmediante análisis factorial confirmatorio. También se analizaron la fiabilidady la validez basada en la relación con otras variables. Resultados:los resultados apoyaron la estructura unifactorial del SWLS, CFI = .996; NNFI= .993; RMSEA = 0.081, y su invarianza factorial entre cuidadores y nocuidadores. El omega de McDonald fue .93. Se encontraron correlacionespositivas con calidad de vida, apoyo social positivo y salud percibida, ynegativas con soledad, depresión, apoyo social negativo, dificultades enactividades y actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria y problemas desalud. Conclusiones: los hallazgos proporcionan nueva evidencia empíricaque apoya el uso del SWLS en investigación centrada en cuidadores.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Cuidadores , Satisfação Pessoal , 16054/psicologia , Psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos Longitudinais , Reino Unido
9.
Actual. psicol. (Impr.) ; 35(131)dic. 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, SaludCR, PsiArg | ID: biblio-1383506

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre la red de apoyo familiar y las relaciones intrafamiliares con la satisfacción vital. Método. Se realizó un estudio correlacional, transversal y no experimental con una muestra de 314 estudiantes de dos instituciones de educación superior: 70 hombres (22.3%) y 244 mujeres (77.7%), con una edad promedio de 27.55 años (DT = 9.57). Resultados. El modelo conformado por la cantidad de miembros de la red de apoyo familiar, más la cercanía o intimidad de contacto entre esos miembros, más la unión y apoyo mostrado en las relaciones intrafamiliares, más la expresión y comunicación mostrada en estas predice mejor la satisfacción vital del individuo.


Abstract Objective. To determine the relationship between the elements of the family support network and intra-family relationships with life satisfaction. Method. A correlational, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was carried out with a sample of 314 students from two higher education institutions: 70 men (22.3%) and 244 women (77.7%), with an average age of 27.55 years (SD = 9.57). Results. The model constituted by the members of the family support network, plus the closeness or intimacy in their contact with each other, plus along with the union and support shown in intra-family relationships, plus the expression and communication shown in these better predicts the vital satisfaction of the individual.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Satisfação Pessoal , Apoio Familiar/psicologia , Estudantes , Universidades , México
10.
Psicooncología (Pozuelo de Alarcón) ; 18(2): 277-291, 02 nov. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225808

RESUMO

Objetivo: El presente estudio se plantea como objetivo principal analizar cómo la resiliencia de los padres de niños diagnosticados con enfermedad oncológica influye en la percepción de estrés y en la satisfacción vital. Metodología: Participaron 112 padres de niños con patología oncológica que recibían tratamiento en Málaga. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de medidas de autoinforme. Resultados: Existe una relación significativa y negativa entre la resiliencia y el estrés percibido, y una relación significativa y positiva entre la resiliencia y la satisfacción vital. En el estudio por dimensiones de la resiliencia y el estrés, la competencia personal de los padres disminuye el estrés R2 = 0,24; F = 12,12; p<0,0001 y la dimensión de la resiliencia aceptación de uno mismo aumenta la satisfacción vital R2 = 0,42; F = 31,24; p<0,0001. Conclusiones: El análisis de la resiliencia a través de sus dimensiones ha permitido conocer el papel que tiene sobre el estrés y la satisfacción vital de los padres con niños con cáncer. Estos resultados pueden tener importantes implicaciones prácticas en el diseño de las intervenciones que mejoren su calidad de vida (AU)


Objective: The main objective of this study is to analyze how the resilience of the parents of children diagnosed with oncological disease influences the perception of stress and life satisfaction. Methodology: 112 parents of children with oncological pathology who received treatment in Malaga participated. Data were collected through self-report measures. Results: There is a significant and negative relationship between resilience and perceived stress, and a significant and positive relationship between resilience and life satisfaction. In the study by dimensions of resilience and stress, the personal competence of parents decreases stress R2 = 0.24; F = 12.12; p<0.0001 and the dimension of resilience acceptance of oneself increases life satisfaction R2 = 0.42; F = 31.24; p<0.0001. Conclusions: The analysis of resilience through its dimensions has allowed to know the role it has on stress and life satisfaction of parents with children with cancer. These results can have important practical implications in the design of interventions that improve their quality of life (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Mama/enfermagem , Neoplasias da Mama/psicologia , Pais , Resiliência Psicológica , Estresse Psicológico , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores Socioeconômicos
11.
Liberabit ; 27(1): e433, ene.-jun. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279410

RESUMO

Resumen Antecedentes :la capacidad de regular las emociones de una manera eficiente sería esencial para afrontar los hechos estresantes que se presentan en la vida cotidiana de los jóvenes universitarios, alejando la posibilidad que sufran ansiedad, depresión, problemas de conducta y bajo rendimiento académico. Objetivos: el presente estudio tuvo como propósito examinar la relación de las dificultades de regulación emocional y de la personalidad con la satisfacción vital. Método: el estudio es de tipo correlacional con un diseño transeccional y participaron 250 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos, de una universidad pública chilena. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que la satisfacción vital de los participantes se asocia significativamente tanto con las dificultades de regulación emocional (negativamente) como con las dimensiones de personalidad (negativamente con neuroticismo y positivamente con el resto); sin embargo, un análisis de regresión estableció que sólo la desatención emocional, la responsabilidad y el neuroticismo resultaron ser predictores significativa de la satisfacción vital de los participantes. Conclusiones: aunque todas las variables consideradas mostraron relación con la satisfacción vital de los estudiantes, sólo algunas de ellas parecen predecirla.


Abstract Background :The ability to efficiently regulate emotions may be essential for young university students to face the stressful events that occur in their daily life, thus preventing the possibility of suffering anxiety, depression, behavioral problems and poor academic performance. Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the relationship that difficulties in emotional regulation and personality have with life satisfaction. Method: This correlational and cross-sectional study was conducted with 250 male and female students from a Chilean public university. Results: The results showed that the participants' life satisfaction is significantly associated with both difficulties in emotional regulation (negatively) and personality dimensions (negatively with neuroticism and positively with the other traits). However, a regression analysis determined that only emotional inattention, responsibility and neuroticism were important predictors of the participants' life satisfaction. Conclusions: Although all the variables showed a relationship with the students' life satisfaction, only some of them seemed to predict it.

12.
Psicol. conduct ; 29(2): 489-503, 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225329

RESUMO

Durante los últimos años han aumentado las investigaciones sobre atención plena (mindfulness) tanto como estado o como rasgo disposicional y su relación con diferentes variables relacionadas con la salud y bienestar de la persona. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación y el carácter predictivo de la satisfacción vital y sintomatología prefrontal en la atención plena disposicional en la mujer rural. Participaron 239 mujeres de distintas localidades rurales de España de entre 17 y 87 años de edad (M= 56,13; DT= 14,98). Los resultados confirman el carácter predictivo de niveles altos de satisfacción vital y bajos en sintomatología prefrontal y problemas en control ejecutivo respecto a un mayor nivel de atención plena disposicional de las mujeres evaluadas. Tras discutir los hallazgos obtenidos, que derivan consecuencias clínicas y sociosanitarias, proponemos seguir profundizando en esta línea específica de investigación dados los beneficios probados de la atención plena en el bienestar general de la persona, actuando como factor protector de la salud mental, física y emocional (AU)


In recent years there has been an increase in research on mindfulness as a state or dispositional trait, and on its relationship with different variables pertaining to the health and well-being of the individual. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship and the predictive character of life satisfaction and prefrontal symptoms in dispositional mindfulness levels in rural women. The participants were 239 women from different rural communities in Spain, between the ages of 17 and 87 years (M= 56.13, SD= 4.98). The results confirmed that high levels of life satisfaction and low levels of prefrontal symptoms and executive control problems were predictive of a higher level of dispositional mindfulness in the women evaluated. After discussing our findings with their clinical and socio health implications, we recommend further inquiry into this specific line o research, given the proven benefits of mindfulness for general personal well-being, where it acts as a protective factor for mental, physical and emotional health (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Satisfação Pessoal , Saúde da Mulher , Seguridade Social , Saúde da População Rural , Espanha
13.
Rev. nefrol. diál. traspl ; 40(3): 221-231, set. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377096

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo : Investigar la relación entre estilos de afrontamiento y niveles de satisfacción vital de pacientes en tratamiento con hemodiálisis y de pacientes con trasplante renal. Material y métodos: Treinta y cuatro pacientes en hemodiálisis tomaron parte del estudio, además de veintiuno en trasplante renal y cincuenta que no padecían ninguna enfermedad crónica. Se les administró la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) y el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento al Estrés (CAEPO). Se comprobó que existían diferencias significativas entre los grupos con las variables estudiadas y se examinó la capacidad predictiva de los estilos de afrontamiento sobre la satisfacción vital para cada uno de los grupos que tomaron parte en la investigación. Resultados: Los pacientes en hemodiálisis presentaron una satisfacción vital significativamente menor que los participantes del grupo control. No existió diferencia entre los grupos clínicos, ni entre el grupo de pacientes trasplantados, ni en el grupo control ecn lo que se refiere a la satisfacción vital. En términos generales, los estilos de afrontamiento activos evitativo. Conclusiones: La coexistencia de estilos de afrontamiento activos y evitativos, en los que un moderado nivel de negación es acompañado por actitudes predicen positivamente el nivel de satisfacción vital, pero la misma se incrementa en los pacientes con hemodiálisis si además existe algún tipo de estilo de afrontamiento optimistas, eleva el grado de satisfacción vital de los pacientes con injuria renal crónica en hemodiálisis.


Abstract Objective : To investigate the relationship between coping styles and levels of life satisfaction of patients undergoing hemodialysis and patients with renal transplantation. Methods: Thirty four patients on hemodialysis, twenty one patients with renal transplantation and fifty who did not suffer from any chronic disease took part in the study. They were administered a Life Satisfaction Scale and a Stress Coping Questionnaire. It was checked whether there were significant differences between the groups in the variables studied. Additionally, the predictive capacity of coping styles on life satisfaction for SV of each of the groups that participated in the research was examined. Results: Patients on the hemodialysis group have a significantly lower SV than the participants in the control group, there being no difference between the clinical groups or between the group of transplanted patients and the control group as regards the SV. In general terms, active EAs predict positively the level of SV; but SV increases for hemodialysis patients if there is also some type of avoidant AD. Conclusions: The coexistence of active and avoidance coping styles, in which a moderate level of denial is accompanied by optimistic attitudes, raises the degree of vital satisfaction of hemodialysis patients.

14.
Rev. latinoam. psicol ; 52: 95-103, June 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1180937

RESUMO

Abstract During the past decade, the frail syndrome has acquired great importance due to its detrimental social and psychological consequences. In the present study, we investigate the association between frailty status and well-being (happiness and life satisfaction) among older adults, and we test the role of self-perceived health as potential mediator in such relations. We recruited 1205 older Chilean adults who responded to measures about their objective health status (frailtyrelated indicators), well-being, and self-perceived health. Overall, path analyses showed that frailty status is negatively associated to life satisfaction and happiness, and that self-perceived health works as a mediator for such relations. The social and psychological consequences of the frail syndrome in older adults are discussed.


Resumen: Durante la última década, el síndrome de fragilidad ha adquirido gran importancia debido a sus consecuencias sociales y psicológicas perjudiciales. En el presente estudio, investigamos la asociación entre el estado de fragilidad y el bienestar (felicidad y satisfacción con la vida) en los adultos mayores, y evaluamos el papel de la salud autopercibida como potencial mediador de dichas relaciones. Reclutamos a 1205 adultos mayores chilenos que respondieron preguntas acerca de su estado de salud objetivo (indicadores relacionados con el estado de fragilidad), bienestar y autopercepción de salud. En términos generales, los análisis mostraron que el estado de fragilidad se asocia negativamente con la satisfacción vital y la felicidad, y que la salud autopercibida tiene un papel mediador en tales relaciones. Se discuten las consecuencias sociales y psicológicas del síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores.


Assuntos
Satisfação Pessoal , Fragilidade , Felicidade , Idoso , Saúde
15.
Ter. psicol ; 37(3): 271-285, dic. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1059123

RESUMO

Resumen Se presentan los resultados de una muestra de 385 abuelos1 chilenos estratificada por sexo, edad y nivel de ingreso del grupo familiar en la Escala de Generatividad de Loyola (McAdams & de St. Aubin, 1992) adaptada para abuelos en Chile (EGL-A) por Larrain, Zegers & Orellana (2016) y en el Índice de Satisfacción Vital de Neugarten, Havighurst & Tobin (1961,1996) en su versión adaptada a Chile por Zegers, Rojas-Barahona & Föster (2009). No se encontró evidencia de correlación positiva entre los puntajes totales de ambos instrumentos, pero sí al estratificar por escolaridad, la correlación entre generatividad y la dimensión congruencia del LSI-A resultó positiva para quienes poseían escolaridad media (r = 0.215, p= 0.021) o superior (r = 0.230, p= 0.0066).


Abstract The results of a sample of 383 chilean grandparents stratified by sex, age and income level to the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) (McAdams & de St. Aubin, 1992) adapted for grandparents in Chile (EGL-A) by Larrain, Zegers & Orellana (2016) and the Life Satisfaction Index Neugarten, Havighurst & Tobin (1961, 1996) in its adapted version to Chile by Zegers, Rojas-Barahona & Föster (2009) are presented. It was not found a positive correlation between the total scores of both instruments but it was positive when the sample was stratified by school level between generativity and the congruence dimensión of the LSI-A for all those with complete high school studies (r = 0.215, p= 0.021) or college studies (r = 0.230, p= 0.0066).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Satisfação Pessoal , Qualidade de Vida , Avós , Chile
16.
Ter. psicol ; 37(1): 25-37, abr. 2019. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004791

RESUMO

Resumen La investigación hasta la fecha ha prestado poca atención a la regulación del afecto positivo en la adolescencia. Nuestros objetivos fueron construir un cuestionario para evaluar las respuestas al afecto positivo en adolescentes y estudiar las relaciones que presentan con el ajuste psicológico. Una muestra de 1.810 adolescentes completó el cuestionario de respuestas al afecto positivo (con tres dimensiones: rumiación positiva centrada en la emoción, rumiación positiva centrada en uno mismo e inhibición) y tres autoinformes de ajuste psicológico (satisfacción vital, autoestima y síntomas depresivos). El cuestionario mostró buena fiabilidad por consistencia interna y la misma estructura factorial que estudios previos con adultos. Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales indicó que las respuestas de rumiación positiva centrada en la emoción y en uno mismo se relacionaron positivamente con la satisfacción vital y la autoestima, y negativamente con los síntomas depresivos, mientras que la inhibición del afecto positivo presentó asociaciones opuestas.


Abstract Research to date has paid little attention to positive affect regulation in adolescence. Our aims were to examine psychometric properties of a questionnaire to assess responses to positive affect in adolescents and to study the relationships these responses have with psychological adjustment. A sample of 1,810 adolescents completed the responses to positive affect questionnaire (with three dimensions: emotion-focused and self-focused positive rumination, and dampening) and three self-report measures of psychological adjustment (i.e. life satisfaction, self-esteem and depressive symptoms). The questionnaire had good internal consistency reliability and the same factor structure as previous studies using adult samples. Secondly, a structural equation model showed that emotion-focused and self-focused responses were positively related to life satisfaction and self-esteem, and negatively to depressive symptoms, while dampening presented opposite associations.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Afeto , Emoções , Ajustamento Emocional , Satisfação Pessoal , Autoimagem , Adaptação Psicológica , Inquéritos e Questionários , Depressão/psicologia , Autorrelato
17.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 18(2): 53-63, dic. 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103875

RESUMO

Introducción. El desempeño de roles ocupacionales puede ser una fuente de estrés, tensión y conflicto, pero también puede estar relacionado con experimentar satisfacción vital. Diversos estudios se han llevado a cabo en población general, y también especialmente en personas mayores con el objetivo de analizar esta relación. No obstante, no existen investigaciones al respecto en población adulta con discapacidad física. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de presentar discapacidad física en la relación entre los roles y la satisfacción vital en personas adultas. Método. Se trató de un estudio transversal analítico, en el que 42 personas adultas con discapacidad física y 41 sin discapacidad respondieron a la Escala de Satisfacción Vital y a un Cuestionario sobre roles ocupacionales en el que se recogió información sobre número de roles, aspectos volicionales de éstos y tiempo empleado. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron una correlación significativa y positiva entre el mayor número de roles y el mayor tiempo dedicado a su desempeño y la satisfacción vital en personas con discapacidad física. La interacción entre la presencia de discapacidad y número de roles fue una variable predictora significativa para la satisfacción vital. Sin embargo, no se encontró relación entre la volición de los roles desempeñados y la satisfacción vital en ningún grupo. Conclusiones. Estos resultados evidencian la importancia de incorporar intervenciones que incrementen la participación en varios roles para las personas con discapacidad física.


Introduction. The performance of occupational roles can be a source of stress, tension and conflict, but can also be related to experiencing s satisfaction. Several studies have been carried out in the general population and in the elderly with the aim of analyzing this relationship. However, no research has been conducted on this topic in adults with physical disabilities. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of physical disability on the relationship between roles and life satisfaction in adults. Methods. The research was a cross-sectional study in which 42 adults with physical disabilities and 41 adults without physical disability completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale and a questionnaire about occupational roles that collected information on the number of roles performed by participants, volitional aspects of such roles and time dedicated to them. Results. Results showed a significant positive correlation between the greater number of roles and greater time spent in their performance and life satisfaction only in people with physical disabilities. The interaction between the presence of disability and the number of roles was a significant predictor of life satisfaction. However, no relationship was observed between volitional aspects of the roles performed and life satisfaction in either group. Conclusion. These results highlight the importance of conducting interventions that increase participation in various roles for people with physical disabilities.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Satisfação Pessoal , Papel (figurativo) , Pessoas com Deficiência , Satisfação no Emprego , Estudos Transversais , Sociedade Civil
18.
Univ. psychol ; 16(4): 54-66, oct.-dic. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-963303

RESUMO

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los efectos de un programa breve de mindfulness adaptado al contexto del aula, en relación con el nivel de mindfulness (MAAS), evitación experiencial (AAQ-II), ansiedad (STAI) y satisfacción vital (SWLS). La muestra estuvo conformada por 115 estudiantes universitarios. Tras la participación en el programa, los estudiantes aumentaron significativamente los niveles de satisfacción vital y ansiedad estado, no se encontraron diferencias en el resto de variables. Sin embargo, el aumento de la satisfacción vital se relacionó con el aumento del nivel de mindfulness al final del programa (coincidiendo con el inicio de los exámenes). En conclusión, un programa breve de mindfulness mejora la satisfacción vital, aun en un período de alto nivel de ansiedad como es el periodo de exámenes.


Abstract The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the effects of a brief mindfulness program adapted to the academic context, to acknowledge the influence on the level of mindfulness (MAAS), experiential avoidance (AAQ-II), anxiety (STAI) and life satisfaction (SWLS). The sample consisted of 115 college students. After participating in the programme, students showed significantly higher levels of life satisfaction and state anxiety and no differences were found in mindfulness, experiential avoidance and trait anxiety. However, the increase in life satisfaction was related to the increased level of mindfulness at the end of the program (which concurred with the beginning of the exams). In conclusion, a brief mindfulness program improved life satisfaction even in a period of high anxiety, such as the exams period.


Assuntos
Universidades , Atenção Plena/educação
19.
Univ. psychol ; 16(supl.5): 91-104, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-979455

RESUMO

Resumen Se analiza la relación del apoyo social y la resiliencia con la satisfacción vital y la salud mental de los inmigrantes, y las diferencias en dichas variables según la región de origen (África, Europa, Latinoamérica y Asia). En el estudio han participado 1094 inmigrantes que residen en España. Los resultados de la regresión por pasos muestran que la tenacidad, el apoyo social de la familia y de los autóctonos, y el control personal son los mejores predictores de la satisfacción vital. La tenacidad, el apoyo de la familia y el control lo son de la salud mental.


Abstract We analyze the relationship between social support and resilience with vital satisfaction and mental health in immigrants, and if there are differences in these variables according to the immigrants' place of origin (Africa, Europe, Latin America and Asia). 1094 immigrant subjects who live in Spain have taken part. The stepwise regression results show that tenacity, social support from family and immigrant friends, and personal control are the best predictors of the vital satisfaction. Tenacity, social support from family and personal control are the best predictors of the mental health.


Assuntos
Resiliência Psicológica , Saúde Mental , Emigração e Imigração
20.
Enferm Clin ; 27(6): 379-386, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28587755

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Empathy has been described as an essential competence of healthcare professionals who are working in palliative care and homecare services. In these services, usually accompanied by a high risk of physical and emotional burnout, empathy can play an important role in the improvement of occupational wellbeing. The aim of this study was to confirm the role of empathy in the prevention of loneliness and burn out, and in the promotion of life satisfaction. METHODS: In 2016, an observational study was carried out in Chile with professional nurses who were working in palliative care and homecare services. Empathy with the patients, loneliness, life satisfaction, and burnout were measured using psychometric scales. Correlation analyses were applied to confirm relationships among the elements measured. RESULTS: In a sample of 64 participants, positive correlations were confirmed between empathy and life satisfaction (P = 0.40; p = 0.003), and between empathy and professional experience (P = 0.29; p = 0.04). On the other hand, inverse correlations were confirmed between empathy and burnout (P = -0.38; p = 0. 01), and between empathy and loneliness (P = -0.41; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm the important role that empathy plays in the prevention of loneliness and burnout, and in the promotion of life satisfaction. Evidence found suggests that empathetic abilities can be improved by the professional experience.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Empatia , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Solidão , Enfermagem , Cuidados Paliativos , Satisfação Pessoal , Adulto , Chile , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
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